Research Interests:

We are currently interested in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms for immune tolerance and thymus development, exploring the possibility for clinical application of xenotransplantation, as well as establishing protocols to induce transplant immune tolerance.

Awards and Honors:

Professional Activities:

Research Grants:

Supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Natural Science Foundation of China

Selected Publications:

Zhang, Z.Q., Zhao,Y*,et al., Central gene transcriptional regulatory networks shaping monocyte development in bone marrow. Frontiers in Immunology, 2022. 13. Zhang, Q., Zhao,Y*,et al., Sirt6-mediated epigenetic modification of DNA accessibility is essential for Pou2f3-induced thymic tuft cell development. Communications Biology, 2022. 5(1). Zhang, J.Y., Zhao,Y*,et al., Bioinformatic analysis as a first step to predict the compatibility of hematopoiesis and immune system genes between humans and pigs. Xenotransplantation, 2022. 29(4). Wu, C.H., Y.N. Xu, and Y. Zhao*, Two kinds of macrophage memory: innate and adaptive immune-like macrophage memory. Cellular & Molecular Immunology, 2022. 19(7): p. 852-854. Tian, Q.C.A., Zhao,Y*,et al., Skin and heart allograft rejection solely by long-lived alloreactive T-RM cells in skin of severe combined immunodeficient mice. Science Advances, 2022. 8(4). Tan, L., Zhao,Y*,et al., The Dual Regulatory Roles of Macrophages in Acute Allogeneic Organ Graft Rejection. Engineering, 2022. 10: p. 21-29. Liang, Z.F., Zhao,Y*,et al., The proprotein convertase furin regulates the development of thymic epithelial cells to ensure central immune tolerance. Iscience, 2022. 25(10). Liang, Z.F., Zhao,Y*,et al., Age-related thymic involution: Mechanisms and functional impact. Aging Cell, 2022. 21(8). Lei, T., Zhao,Y*,et al., Defining newly formed and tissue-resident bone marrow-derived macrophages in adult mice based on lysozyme expression. Cellular & Molecular Immunology, 2022. 19(12): p. 1333-1346. Guo, H., Zhao,Y*,et al., Dual Immune Regulatory Roles of Interleukin-33 in Pathological Conditions. Cells, 2022. 11(20). Dong, X., Zhao,Y*,et al., Cytosolic Nuclear Sensor Dhx9 Controls Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cell Differentiation by p53-Mediated Pathways. Frontiers in Immunology, 2022. 13. Dong, X., Zhao,Y*,et al., Trappc1 deficiency impairs thymic epithelial cell development by breaking endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. European Journal of Immunology, 2022. 52(11): p. 1789-1804. Cao, P., Zhao,Y*,et al., TGF-beta Enhances Immunosuppression of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells to Induce Transplant Immune Tolerance Through Affecting Arg-1 Expression. Frontiers in Immunology, 2022. 13. Zhang, Q., Zhao,Y*,et al., Sirt6 Regulates the Development of Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells and Contributes to the Establishment of Central Immune Tolerance. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2021. 9. Wang, H.Z., Zhao,Y*,et al., PMA induces the differentiation of monocytes into immunosuppressive MDSCs. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2021. 206(2): p. 216-225. Wang, H.X., Zhao,Y*,et al., CD74 regulates cellularity and maturation of medullary thymic epithelial cells partially by activating the canonical NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Faseb Journal, 2021. 35(5). Shi, L., Zhao,Y*,et al., Spaceflight and simulated microgravity suppresses macrophage development via altered RAS/ERK/NF kappa B and metabolic pathways. Cellular & Molecular Immunology, 2021. 18(6): p. 1489-1502. Liang, Z.F., Zhao,Y*,et al., The Development and Survival of Thymic Epithelial Cells Require TSC1-Dependent Negative Regulation of mTORC1 Activity. Journal of Immunology, 2021. 207(8): p. 2039-2050. Liang, Z.F., Zhao,Y*,et al., mTORC2 negatively controls the maturation process of medullary thymic epithelial cells by inhibiting the LT beta R/RANK-NF-kappa B axis. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2021. 236(6): p. 4725-4737. Ji, J.W., Zhao,Y*,et al., M-CSF and prostratin induced Mregs promote immune tolerance in transplanted mice through Arg-1 pathway. International Immunopharmacology, 2021. 99. Hu, Y., Zhao,Y*,et al., Chromatin remodeler ARID1A binds IRF3 to selectively induce antiviral interferon production in macrophages. Cell Death & Disease, 2021. 12(8). Hu, X., Zhao,Y*,et al., TSC1 Affects the Process of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Controlling Macrophage Polarization. Frontiers in Immunology, 2021. 12. Chu Z, Feng C, Sun C, Xu Y, Zhao Y*. Primed macrophages gain long-term specific memory to reject allogeneic tissues in mice. Cell Mol Immunol. 2021. 18(4): 1079-1081. Liang Z, Zhang Q, Dong X, Zhang Z, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhao Y*. mTORC2 negatively controls the maturation process of medullary thymic epithelial cells by inhibiting the LTβR/RANK-NF-kB axis. J Cell Physiol. 2021. 6: 4725-4737. Zhang Q, Liang Z, Zhang J, Lei T, Dong X, Su H, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Tan L, Zhao Y*. Sirt6 regulates the development of medullary thymic epithelial cells and contributes to the establishment of central immune tolerance. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021, 9: 655552. Shi L+, Tian HL+, Wang P+, Li L+, Zhang ZQ, Zhang JY, Zhao Y*. Spaceflight and simulated microgravity suppresses macrophage development via altered RAS/ERK/NFκB and metabolic pathways. Cell Mol Immunol. 2021. 18(6): 1489-1502. Hu X, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Tang Z, Zhang J, Luo Y, Deng W, Dong Z, Zhao Y*, Na N*. TSC1 affects the process of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by controlling macrophage polarization. Front Immunol. 2021. 12: 637335. Wang H, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Luan R, Liang Z, Tan L, Xu Y, Zhang P, Zheng L, Zhao Y, Qiu Y.  CD74 regulates cellularity and maturation of medullary thymic epithelial cells partially by activating the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway. FASEB J. 2021, 35(5): e21535.     Pu Y., Song Y, Zhang M, Long C, Li J, Wang Y, Xu Y, Pan F, Zhao N, Zhang X, Xu Y, Cui J., Wang H., Li Y., Zhao Y, Jin D, and Zhang H. GOLM1 restricts colitis and colon tumorigenesis by ensuring notch signaling equilibrium in intestinal homeostasis, Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 2021, 6: 148. Shi L, Tian Q, Feng C, Zhang P, Zhao Y*. The biological function and the regulatory roles of wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 in immune system. Int Rev Immunol. 2020. 39(6): 280-291. Xu Y, Zhang Q, Zhao Y*. The functional diversity of neutrophils and clustered polarization of immunity. Cell Mol Immunol. 2020. 17(11): 1212-1214. Zhao X, Wang G, Wen Z, Zhou Y, Hu Q, Zhang B, Qu L, Gao S, Liu J, Ma L, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Yu H, Zhang L, Wang M, Wang C, Huang Y, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Chen L, Zhou GB*. Systematic identification of CDC34 that functions to stabilize EGFR and promote lung carcinogenesis. Ebiomedicine. 2020. 53. 102689. Wang P, Zhang Q, Tan L, Xu Y, Xie X*, Zhao Y*. The regulatory effects of mTOR complexes in the differentiation and function of CD4+ T cell subsets. J Immunol Res. 2020: 3406032. Cao P, Sun Z, Feng C, Zhang J, Zhang F, Wang W*, Zhao Y. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in transplantation tolerance induction. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020; 83: 106421. Chu Z, Sun C, Sun L, Yang F, Feng C, Xu Y, Zhao Y*. Primed macrophages directly reject allografts with specificity. Cell Mol Immunol. 2020, 17(3): 237-246. Luan R, Liang ZF, Zhang Q, Sun LG*, Zhao Y*. Molecular regulatory networks of thymic epithelial cell differentiation. Differentiation. 2019; 107, 42-49. Li Y, Wang W, Yang F, Xu Y, Feng C, Zhao Y*. The regulatory roles of neutrophils in adaptive immunity. Cell Communication and Signal. 2019; 17(1):147. Wang P, Xu YN, Zhang JY, Shi L, Lei T, Hou Y, Lu Z*, Zhao Y*. The amino acid sensor GCN2 controls Th9 cells and allergic airway inflammation. J of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2019;144(4):1091-1105. Wang HX, Pan W, Zheng L, Zhong X-P, Tan L, Liang Z, He J, Feng P, Zhao Y* and Qiu Y-R*. Thymic epithelial cells contribute to thymopoiesis and T cell development. Front. Immunol., 2019, 10: 3099.   Wang P, Tian H, Zhang J, Qian J, Li L, Shi L*, Zhao Y*. Spaceflight/Microgravity inhibits the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells by decreasing Kit-Ras/cAMP-CREB pathway networks as evidenced by RNA-Seq assays. FASEB J. 2019; 33(5): 5903-5913 Xu Y, Zhang Q, Tan L, Xie X, Zhao Y*. The characteristics and biological significance of NPC2: Mutation and disease. Mutat Res. 2019; 782: 108284. Yang F, Li Y, Zou W, Xu Y, Wang H, Wang W*, Zhao Y* Adoptive transfer of IFN-γ-induced M-MDSCs promotes immune tolerance to allografts through iNOS pathway. Inflammation Research 2019; 68(7): 545-555. Huang L, Meng TG, Ma XS, Wang ZB, Qi ST, Chen Q, Zhang QH, Liang QX, Wang ZW, Hu MW, Guo L, Ouyang YC, Hou Y, Zhao Y, Sun QY*. Rad9a is involved in chromatin decondensation and post-zygotic embryo development in mice. Cell Death Differ. 2019; 26(5): 969-980. Hou Y+, Zhu L+, Tian H+, Sun H, Lu J, Wang R#, Zhang L#, Zhao Y#. Development, phenotype and function of macrophages induced by IL-23. Protein & Cell. 2018; 9(12): 1027-1038. Zhao Y*, Shen X*, Na N*, Chu Z, Su H, Chao S, Shi L, Xu Y, Zhang L#, Shi B#, Zhao Y#. mTOR masters monocyte development in bone marrow by decreasing the inhibition of STAT5 on IRF8. Blood. 2018;131(14):1587-1599 Sun B#, Zhu L#, Tao Y#, Sun1 H#, Li Y#, Wang P, Hou Y, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Zhang L*, Na N*, Zhao Y*. Characterization and allergic role of IL-33-induced neutrophil polarization. Cell Mol Immunol. 2018; 15(8):782-793. Yang F, Li Y, Zhang Q, Tan L, Peng L*, Zhao Y*. The Effect of Immunosuppressive Drugs on MDSCs in Transplantation. J Immunol Res. 2018: 5414808. doi: 10.1155/2018/5414808. Zhao Y, Zou W, Du J, Zhao Y*. The origins and homeostasis of monocytes and tissue-resident macrophages in physiological situation. J Cell Physiol. 2018, 233(10): 6425-6439. Wang P, Chen H, Su H, Zhang L, Hu X, Yang F, Lu J*, Zhang L*, Zhao Y*. Phosphatase Wip1 controls the development of Th9 cells and allergic airway inflammation. J of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2018;141(6): 2168-2181. Liang Z, Su H, Luan R, Sun L, Na N, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Li J, Zhang L*, and Zhao Y*.  mTOR signaling is essential for the development of thymic epithelial cells and the induction of central immune tolerance. Autophagy 2018; 14(3): 505-517. Chu Z, Zou W, Xu Y, Sun Q, Zhao Y*. The regulatory roles of B cell subsets in transplantation. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2018, 14(2): 115-125. Li Y#, Zhu L#, Chu Z#, Yang T#, Sun H, Yang F, Wang W, Hou Y, Wang P, Zhao Q, Tao Y, Zhang L*, Zhang X*, and Zhao Y*. Characterization and biological significance of IL-23-induced neutrophil polarization. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 15(5): 518-530. Lu Y, Liu H, Bi Y, Yang H, Li Y, Wang J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Li C, Jia A, Han L, Hu Y, Zhao Y*, Wang R*, Liu G*. Glucocorticoid-receptor promotes the function of myeloid-derived suppressor cell by suppressing HIF1α-dependent glycolysis. Cell Mol Imunol 2018; 15(6): 618-629. Li J, Chen S, Xiao X, Zhao Y, Ding W, Li X*. IL-9 and Th9 cells in health and diseases—from tolerance to immunopathology. Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews. 2017;.37: 47-55. Zhao Q*, Chu Z*, Zhu L*, Yang T, Wang P, Liu F, Huang Y, Zhang F, Zhang X+, Ding W+, Zhao Y+. 2-deoxy-D-glucose treatment decreases anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization in mice with tumor and allergic airway inflammation. Frontiers in Immunology. 2017; 1; 8: 637. doi: 10.3389. Shen X#, Zhao Y#, Cao K#, Guan W#, Li X, Zhang Q, Zhao Y*, Ding Y*, Du J*. Wip1 deficiency prevents the internalization of CXCR2 on neutrophils and improves sepsis outcome. Frontiers in Immunology. 2017 22; 8: 1023. Liang Z#, Zhao Y#, Ruan L#, Zhu L#, Jin K, Zhuge Q, Su D*, Zhao Y*. Impact of aging immune system on neurodegeneration and potential immunotherapies. Progress in Neurobiology. 2017, 157: 2-28. Chen H#, Zhang L#, Wang P#, Su H#, Wang W, Chu Z, Zhang L*, Zhang X*, Zhao Y*. mTORC2 controls Th9 polarization and allergic airway inflammation. Allergy 2017, 72(10): 1510-1520. Zhao Y, Su H, Shen X, Du J, Zhang X*, and Zhao Y* The immunological function of CD52 and its targeting in organ transplantation. Inflammation Research 2017, 66(7): 571-578. Yang F, Feng C, Zhang X, Lu J*, and Zhao Y* The diverse biological functions of neutrophils, beyond the defense against infections. Inflammation. 2017, 40(1): 311-323. Lei Y, Han H*, Yuan F, Javeed A, Zhao Y. Brain interstitial system: Anatomy, modeling, in vivo measurement, and application. Progress in Neurobiology 2017; 157: 230-246. Su H, Na N, Zhang X*, Zhao Y*. The biological function and significance of CD74 in immune diseases. Inflamm Res. 2017; 66(3): 209-216. Han C, Wu T, Na N, Zhao Y, Li W*, and Zhao Y*. The effect of immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A on myeloid-derived suppressor cells in transplanted mice. Inflammation Research 2016, 65(9): 679-88. Hu L, Wang H, Zhao Y, Wang J*. 125I Seeds Radiation Induces Paraptosis-Like Cell Death via PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in HCT116 Cells. BioMed Research International. 2016: 8145495. doi: 10.1155 Hu L, Wang H, Huang L, Zhao Y, Wang J*. The Protective Roles of ROS-Mediated Mitophagy on 125I Seeds Radiation Induced Cell Death in HCT116 Cells. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2016: 9460462. doi: 10.1155. Hu L, Wang H, Huang L, Zhao Y, Wang J*. Crosstalk between autophagy and intracellular radiation response. International journal of oncology. 2016; 49(6): 2217-2226. Zhao Q*, Chen H*, Yang T, Rui W, Liu F, Zhang F, Zhao Y*, Ding W*. Direct effects of airborne PM2.5 exposure on macrophage polarizations. BBA- General Subjects. 2016, 1860(12): 2835-43. Yang F, Li Y, Wu T, Zhao Y, Li W, Han C, Zhang L, Lu J* and Zhao Y*. TNFα-induced M-MDSCs promote transplant immune tolerance via nitric oxide. J Molecular Medicine 2016, 94(8): 911-20. Yang T, Zhu L, Zhai Y, Zhao Q, Peng J, Zhang H, Yang Z, Zhang L, Ding W*, and Zhao Y*. TSC1 controls IL-1β expression in macrophages by mTORC1-dependent C/EBPβ pathway. Cell Mol Immunol. 2016, 13(5): 640-50. Hu X, Wang P, Du J, Yang F, Tian Y, Shen X, Yang T, Zhang L*, and Zhao Y* Phosphatase Wip1 masters IL-17-producing neutrophils-mediated colitis in mice. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2016, 22(6): 1316-25. Zhou P, Ma L, Zhou J, Jiang M, Rao E, Zhao Y* and Guo F*. miR-17-92 plays an oncogenic role and conveys chemo-resistance to cisplatin in human prostate cancer cells. International Journal of Oncology 2016, 48: 1737-1748. Wu T, Zhao Y, Wang H, Li Y, Shao L, Wang R, Lu J, Yang Z, Wang J*, and Zhao Y*. Rapamycin directly inhibits monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice with allografts or tumors. Scientific Reports 2016, 6: 20250. doi: 10.1038/srep20250. Yi W, Hu X, Chen Z, Liu L, Tian Y, Chen H, Cong Y, Yang F, Zhang L, Rudolph K L, Zhang Z*, Zhao Y*, and Ju Z* Phosphatase Wip1 controls antigen-independent B cell development in a p53-dependent manner. Blood 2015, 126(5): 620-8. Zhao Y, Wu T, Shi B*, and Zhao Y* The phenotypes, development and function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. OncoImmunology 2015, 5(2): e1004983. Sun L, Sun C, Liang Z, Li H, Chen L, Luo H, Zhang H, Ding P, Sun X, Qin Z* and Zhao Y* FSP1+ fibroblast subpopulation is essential for the maintenance and regeneration of thymic medullary zone. Scientific Reports 2015, 5: 14871. doi:10.1038/srep14871 Chen H, Luo H, Liu J, Wang P, Dong D, Shang P*, Zhao Y*. The Distinctive Sensitivity to Microgravity of Immune Cell Subpopulations. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 2015, 27: 427–436. Zhang J, Li J, Xu H, Yang P, Xie L, Qian A, Zhao Y*, Shang P*. Responds of bone cells to microgravity: ground-based research Microgravity-Science and Technology 2015, 27: 455–464. Liu X, Yang T, Suzuki K, Tsukita S, Ishii M, Zhou S, Wang G, Cao L, Qian F, Taylor S, Oh M, Levitan I, Ye D, Carnegie G, Zhao Y*, Malik A, and Xu J*. Moesin and myosin phosphatase confine neutrophil orientation in a chemotactic gradient. J. Exp. Med. 2015，212 (2): 267-80. Wang, K, Liu, C, Zhang, X, Feng, C, Zhou, L, Zhao, Y*, Li, P* miR-361-regulated prohibitin inhibits mitochondrial fission and apoptosis and protects heart from ischemia injury. Cell Death Differ. 2015, 22(6): 1058-68 Wang Z, Zhou S, Sun C, Lei T, Peng J, Li W, Ding P, Lu J, and Zhao Y*. IFN-γ inhibits non-opsonized phagocytosis of macrophages via an mTORC1-c/EBPβ pathway. Journal of Innate Immunology. 2015, 7: 165-176. Zhu L, Zhao Q, Yang T, Ding W*, Zhao Y*. Cellular metabolism and macrophage functional polarization. International Review of Immunology. 2015, 34(1): 82-100. Zhang H, Zhang S, Zhao H, Qiao J, Liu S, Deng Z, Lei X, Ning L, Cao Y, Zhao Y, Duan E* Ovine hair follicle stem cells derived from single vibrissae reconstitute haired skin. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2015 16(8), 17779-97. Wang C, Luo H, Zhu L, Zhao Y, Tian H, Wang R, Shang P*, and Zhao Y* Microgravity activates p38 MAPK-C/EBPβ pathway to regulate the expression of arginase and inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Inflammation Research 2015 64(5): 303-11 Chen, H, Yang, T, Zhu, L., Zhao Y*. Cellular metabolism on T-cell development and function. International Review of Immunology. 2015 34(1): 19-33. Du J, Shen X, Zhao Y, Hu X, Sun B, Guan W*, Li S*, and Zhao Y* Wip1-deficient neutrophils significantly promote intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Current Molecule Medicine 2015 15(1): 100-108. Li, N, Ren, A, Wang, X, Fan, X, Zhao, Y, Gao, G, Cleary, P, Wang, B. Influenza viral neuraminidase primes bacterial coinfection through TGF-beta-mediated expression of host cell receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 112(1): 238-43 Zhu L, Yang T, Li L, Sun L, Hou Y, Hu X, Zhang L, Tian H, Zhao Q, Peng J, Zhang H, Wang R, Yang Z, Zhang L, and Zhao Y*. TSC1 controls macrophage polarization to prevent inflammatory disorder. Nature Communications 2014. 5: 4696. Wu T, Zhao Y and Zhao Y*. The roles of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in transplantation. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology 2014 10(10): 1385-1394. Hou Y, Lin H, Zhu L, Liu Z, Hu F, Shi J, Yang T, Shi X, Guo H, Tan X, Zhang L, Wang Q*, Li Z*, and Zhao Y*. IFN-γ inhibits TLR ligands-induced protease HTRA1 expression in rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Immunology 2014 193(1): 130-138. Deng X, Zhang F, Wang L, Rui W, Long F, Zhao Y*, Chen D, Ding W* Airborne fine particulate matter induces multiple cell death pathways in human lung epithelial cells. Apoptosis. 2014 19(7): 1099-112. Shen X, Du J, Zhao Y*, and Guan W* Phosphatase Wip1 as a new therapeutic target for intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology. 2014 10(12): 1591-5. Shen X, Du J, Guan W, and Zhao Y*. The balance of intestinal Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and Th17 cells and its biological significance. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology 2014 10(3): 353-362. Sun L, Li H, Luo H, and Zhao Y*. Thymic epithelial cell development and its dysfunction in human diseases. BioMed Research International 2014: 206929 Luo H, Wang C, Feng M, Zhao Y*. Microgravity inhibits resting T cell immunity in an exposure time-dependent manner.  International Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 11(1): 87-96. Wang C, Luo H, Zhu L, Yang F, Chu Z, Tian H, Feng M, Shang P*, Zhao Y* Microgravity inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α expression in macrophage cells. Inflammation Research 2014 63(1): 91-98. Sun B, Hu X, Liu G, Ma B, Xu Y, Yang T, Shi J, Yang F, Li H, Zhang L*, and Zhao Y* Phosphatase Wip1 negatively regulates neutrophil antimicrobial immunity.  Journal of Immunology. 2014 192(3): 1184-1195. Qu, A. Wang, H. Li, J. Wang, J. Liu, J. Hou, Y. Huang, L. Zhao, Y. Biological effects of (125)I seeds radiation on A549 lung cancer cells: G2/M arrest and enhanced cell death. Cancer Invest 2014 32(6): 209-217. Chen H, Zhang LJ, Zhang HB, Li L, Xiao Y, Sun LN, Li H, Corley D, Liu G, Yang ZZ*, and Zhao Y* TSC1/2 complex negatively regulates thymic CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg development in mice. FASEB J 2013 27(10): 3979-3990. Sun L, Li H, Luo H, Zhang L, Hu X, Yang T, Sun C, Chen H, Zhang L and Zhao Y*. Phosphatase Wip1 is essential for the maturation and homeostasis of medullary thymic epithelial cells in mice Journal of Immunology 2013 191(6): 3210-3220. Hou Y, Lin H, Duan K, Zhu L, Liu Z, Hu F, Shi J, Rao E, Yang T, Shi X, Yin Z, Zhu M, Zhang L, Godley F. B., Wang Q*, Li Z*, and Zhao Y* LPS increases the incidence of collagen-induced arthritis in mice through induction of protease HTRA1 expression  Arthritis & Rheumatism 2013  65(11): 2835-2846. Liu G, Hu X, Sun B, Shi J, Zhang L*, and Zhao Y.* Phosphatase Wip1 negatively regulates neutrophil development through p38 MAPK-STAT1. Blood 2013 121(3): 519-529.   Sun LN, Li HR, Luo HY, and Zhao Y.* Thymic epithelial cell development and differentiation: Cellular and molecular regulations. Protein Cell 2013 4(5): 342-355. Liu, J. Wang, H. Qu, A. Li, J. Zhao, Y. Wang, J. Combined effects of C225 and 125-iodine seed radiation on colorectal cancer cells.  Radiat Oncol 2013 8(1): 219. Wu T, Sun C, Chen Z, Zhen Y, Peng J, Qi Z., Yang X., and Zhao Y* Smad3-deficient CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells prevent allograft rejection via the nitric oxide pathway Journal of Immunology 2012 189(10): 4989-5000. Ge Q. and Zhao Y. Evolution of thymus organogenesis Dev Comp Immunol 2013 39(1-2): 85-90. Hu X, Liu G, Hou Y, Shi J, Zhu L, Jin D, Peng J, and Zhao Y*  Induction of recipient M2 macrophages by allogeneic donor regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells in mice Cell Mol Immunol 2012 9(6): 464-472. Sun C., Jiang Y., Sun L., Shang H.*, and Zhao Y.* The characteristics of Th1/Th2 cytokine receptors on monocytes in untreated patients of long term nonprogressor or chronic HIV infection. Current Molecule Medicine. 2012 12(8): 1028-1039. Wu, T., Zhang, L., Xu, K., Sun, C., Lei, T., Peng, J., Liu, G., Wang, R., Zhao Y*, Immunosuppressive drugs on inducing Ag-specific CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells during immune response in vivo. Transplant Immunology, 2012, 27(1): 30-38 Huang, L., Wang, Z. B. Jiang, Z. Z. Hu, M. W. Lin, F., Zhang, Q. H., Luo, Y. B., Hou, Y., Zhao, Y., Fan, H. Y., Schatten, H， QY Sun*. Specific disruption of Tsc1 in ovarian granulosa cells promotes ovulation and causes progressive accumulation of corpora lutea. PLoS One 2012, 8(1): e54052. Sun, Q. Y.Liu, X., Ma, B., Malik, A. B., Tang, H., Yang, T., Sun, B., Wang, G., Minshall, R. D., Li, Y., Zhao, Y., Ye, R. D., and  Xu, J.* Bidirectional regulation of neutrophil migration by mitogen-activated protein kinases Nature Immunology 2012, 13(5): 457-464. Y. Zhang L, Li L, Xiao Y, Rao E, Miao Z, Chen H, Sun L, Li H, Zhang H and Zhao Y* TSC1/2 pathway critically regulates peripheral naive CD8+ T cell survival and homeostasis in mice PLoS One 2012, 7(2): e30592. Jin, D., Duan, K., Zhang, L., Peng, J., and Zhao, Y.* The effects of leflunomide on CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells in mice receiving allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Inflammation Research 2012, 61(1): 53-60. Zeng C, Shi X, Zhang B, Liu H, Zhang L, Ding W, and Zhao Y* The imbalance of Th17/Th1/Tregs in patients with type 2 diabetes: Relationship with metabolic factors and complications. J Molecular Medicine 2012, 90(2): 175-186. Zhen, Y., Sun, L., Liu, H., Duan, K., Zeng, C., Zhang, L., Jin, D., Peng, J., Ding, W.*, and Zhao, Y.* Alterations of peripheral CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells in mice with STZ-induced diabetes. Cell Mol Immunol 2012, 9(1): 75-85. Sun C, Sun L, Ma H, Peng J, Zhen Y, Duan K, Liu G, Ding W* and Zhao Y.* The phenotype and functional alterations of macrophages in mice with hyperglycemia for long term J of Cell Physiology 2012, 227(4): 1670-1679. Duan K, Zhang B, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Qu Y, Sun C, and Zhao Y* Efficient peripheral construction of functional human regulatory CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ T cells in NOD/SCID mice grafted with fetal human thymus/liver tissues and CD34+ cells Transpl Immunol 2011, 25(4): 173-179. Liu G, Duan K, Ma H, Niu Z, Peng J, and Zhao Y*.  An instructive role of donor macrophages in mixed chimeras in the induction of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells. Immunology and Cell Biology 2011, 89(8): 827-835. Lai L*, Cui C, Jin J, Hao Z, Zheng Q, Ying M, Boyd R, and Zhao Y Mouse embryonic stem cell-derived thymic epithelial cell progenitors enhance T-cell reconstitution after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation Blood 2011; 118(12): 3410-3418 Javeed A, Hou Y, Duan K, Zhang B, Shen H, Cao Y, Zhao Y*. Aspirin significantly decreases the nonopsonic phagocytosis and immunogenicity of macrophages in mice. Inflammation Research, 2011, 60(4): 389-398. Liu, G.W., Zhao,Y*,et al., Phenotypic and functional switch of macrophages induced by regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells in mice. Immunology and Cell Biology. 2011, 89(1): 130-42. Zhu S, Peigneur S, Gao B, Luo L, Jin D, Zhao Y, Tytgat. J.  Molecular Diversity and Functional Evolution of Scorpion Potassium Channel Toxins. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 2011; 10(2): M110.002832 Liu G, Zhang L and Zhao Y*. Modulation of immune responses through direct activation of Toll-like receptors to T cells. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2010, 160: 168-175. Qu Y, Zhang B, Liu S, Zhang A, Wu T, Zhao Y*. 2-Gy whole-body irradiation significantly alters the balance of CD4+CD25-T effector cells and CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)T regulatory cells in mice. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2010, 7(6): 419-427. Sun, Y.M., Zhao,Y*,et al.,. Plasma nitrite and nitrate levels as a noninvasive marker of pathology after human small bowel transplantation. Transplantation . 2010, 89(3): 307-311. Sun, L.G., Zhao,Y*,et al., Declining expression of a single epithelial cell-autonomous gene accelerates age-related thymic involution. Aging Cell 2010, 9(3): 347-357. Zhao Y* and Li X*. Cross-immune tolerance: conception and its potential significance on transplantation tolerance. Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010, 7(1): 20-25. Liang H, Yang L, Ma T and Zhao Y*. Functional expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulation in mouse chondrocytes. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 2010, 37: 506-508. Qu YY, Zhang AJ, Zhang BJ, Wang JJ and Zhao Y.*. Gamma-Ray Resistance of Regulatory CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T Cells in mice. Radiation Research 2010, 173(2): 148-157. Jiang P, Rao EY, Meng N, Zhao Y, Wang JJ*: MicroRNA-17-92 significantly enhances radioresistance in human mantle cell lymphoma cells. Radiation Oncology 2010, 5:100. Zhang Y, Wang J, Liu F, You Z, Yang R, Zhao Y: EGFR inhibitor C225 increases the radiosensitivity of human lung squamous cancer cells. Cancer Cell International 2010, 10: 39. You ZY, Zhao Y, Liu F, Zhang YD, Wang JJ*: The radiosensitization effects of Endostar on human lung squamous cancer cells H-520. Cancer Cell International 2010, 10:17. Wang J, Liao A, Zhuang H, Zhao Y. The direct biologic effects of radioactive 125I seeds on pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1, at continuous low-dose rates. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2009, 24(4): 409-416. Zhuang HQ, Wang JJ, Liao AY, Wang JD, Zhao Y: The biological effect of 125I seed continuous low dose rate irradiation in CL187 cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2009, 28:12. Liao A, Wang J, Zhuang H, Zhao Y. Relative biological effectiveness and cell-killing efficacy of continuous low-dose-rate 125I seeds on prostate carcinoma cells in vitro. Integr Cancer Ther 2010, 9: 59-65. Zheng Q, Xu Y, Liu Y, Zhang B, Li X, Guo F, and Zhao Y.* . Induction of Foxp3 demethylation increases regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells and prevents the occurrence of diabetes in mice. Journal of Molecular Medicine 2009, 87: 1191-1205. Ding C, Tian P, Jia L, Li Y, Ding X, Xiang H, Xue W, Zhao Y. The synergistic effects of C. Sinensis with CsA in preventing allograft rejection. Frontiers in Bioscience 2009, 14: 3864-3871. Huang Y, Walstrom A, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Cui M, Ye L and Zheng J. Type I interferons and interferon regulatory factors regulate TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in HIV-1-infected macrophages. 2009, PLoS ONE 4(4): e5397-1-14. Javeed A., Zhang B., Qu Y., Zhang A., Sun C., Zhang L., Liu J., Zeng C., and Zhao Y.*. The significantly enhanced frequency of functional CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells in therapeutic dose aspirin-treated mice. Transplant Immunology 2009, 20: 253-260. Zhang B., Zhang A., Qu Y., Liu J., Niu Z., and Zhao Y.*. Development of mouse CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in xenogeneic pig thymic grafts. Transplant Immunology 2009, 20: 180-185. Zhang B, Duan Z and Zhao Y.*. Mouse models with human immunity and their application in biomedical research. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 2009, 13(6): 1043-1058. Cui M, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Zheng J. New insights for FOXO and cell-fate decision in HIV infection and HIV associated neurocognitive disorder. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2009; 665:143-59. Wang, J. Liao, A. Zhuang, H. Zhao, Y. The direct biologic effects of radioactive 125I seeds on pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1, at continuous low-dose rates. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2009 24(4): 409-416. Zhen Y., Zheng J., and Zhao Y.*. Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells and macrophages: communication between two regulators of effector T cells. Inflammation Research 2008, 57: 564-570. Zhang B., Sun C., Qu Y., Zhang A., Liu J., Zhang L., Niu Z., and Zhao Y.*. Deficiency of mouse CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in xenogeneic pig thymus-grafted nude mice suffering from autoimmune diseases. Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2008, 5: 325-32 Wang N, Zhang JS, Zheng QH, Zhao Y.* The unique localization of ZFP185 at uropod of mouse T lymphocytes Scandinavian Journal of Immunology 2008, 67(4): 340-344. Yi HF, Zhang JL, and Zhao Y.*  The effects of antibody treatment on regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells Transplant Immunology 2008, 19(1): 37-44. Yi H, Zhen Y, Zeng C, Zhang LJ, and Zhao Y.*. Depleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (GK1.5) treatment: influence on regulatory CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells in mice. Transplantation 2008, 85(8): 1167-1174. Ma HX, Liu GW, Ding WJ, Wu Y, Cai L, and Zhao Y.*. Diabetes-induced immunodeficiency of F4/80+ macrophages: a study in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice. Journal of Molecular Medicine 2008, 86(4): 391-400. Cui M, Huang YL, Zhao Y.*, and Zheng JL*. Transcription factor FoxO3a mediates cell apoptosis in HIV-1 infected macrophages. Journal of Immunology 2008, 180(2): 898-906. Javeed A. and Zhao Y.*. The effects of immunosuppression on regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells: impact on immunosuppression selection in transplantation. Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy 2008, 12: 171-181. Jin D., Zhang L., Zheng J., and Zhao Y.*. The inflammatory Th17 subset in immunity against self and non-self antigens. Autoimmunity 2008, 41: 154-162. Javeed A., and Zhao Y.*. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: Role in inflammatory diseases and graft rejection. Inflammation Research 2007, 57(2): 45-50. Zhao Y.* and Li XC. Transplant tolerance: is it really free of concerns? Trends in Immunology 2007, 28(9): 376-377. Wang N, Zhang JS, Zheng QH, Zhao Y.*. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel mouse actin-binding protein ZFP185. Journal of Molecular Histology 2008, 39(3): 295-302. Sun LN, and Zhao Y*. The biological role of dectin-1 in immune response International Reviews of Immunology 2007, 26:349-364. Kawahara, T, Rodriguez-Barbosa, J-I, Zhao Y., Zhao, G, and Sykes, M. Global unresponsiveness as a mechanism of natural killer cell tolerance in mixed xenogeneic chimeras. American Journal of Transplantation 2007, 7(9):2090-2097. Zhang AJ, Qu Y, Zhang B, Zhang LJ, Zeng C, Peng JX,  Ji XB, Hou M, Zhao Y.*. The different effects of indirubin on effector and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in mice：potential implication for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Journal of Molecular Medicine 2007, 85: 1263-1270. Zhang BJ, Zhang AJ and Zhao Y.*. Platelet aggregation and thrombosis in xenotransplantation between pigs and humans. Thrombosis Research 2008, 121: 433-441. Qu YY. and Zhao Y.*. Regulatory CD4+CD25+T cells controlled by multiple pathways in multiple levels. International Review of Immunology 2007 26(3): 145-160. Zhao Y.*. The different effects of cyclosporin A and rapamycin on regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells: potential relationship with transplant tolerance induction. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology 2007, 3(3): 254-259. Liu GW, Ma HX, Jiang LL, Peng JX, and Zhao Y.*. The immunity of splenic and peritoneal F4/80+ resident macrophages in mouse mixed allogeneic chimeras. Journal of Molecular Medicine 2007, 85: 1125-1135. Yi H, Zhao Y.*. Chemokines, chemokine receptors and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology 2007, 3(3): 343-349. Yi H, Zhang L, Zhen Y, He X, and Zhao Y*. Dendritic cells induced in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-5. Cytokine 2007, 37(1): 35-43. Zheng QH and Zhao Y.*. The diverse bio-functions of LIM domain proteins: determined by sub-cellular localization and protein-protein interaction. Biology of the Cell 2007, 99(9): 489-502. Liu GW, and Zhao Y.*. Toll-like receptors and immune regulation: their direct and indirect modulation on regulatory CD4+CD25+T cells. Immunology 2007, 122: 149-156. Wu TH， Zhen Y, Zeng C, and Zhao Y.*.  B and T lymphocyte attenuator interacts with CD3ζ and inhibits Tyrosine phosphorylation of TCRζ complex during T cell activation. Immunology and Cell Biology 2007, 85: 590-595. Liu GW, Ma, HX, Jiang LL, and Zhao Y.*.  Allograft inflammatory factor-1 and its immune regulation. Autoimmunity 2007, 40(2): 95-102. Zhang LJ, and Zhao Y.*. The regulation of Foxp3 expression in regulatory CD4+CD25+T cells: multiple pathways on the road. Journal of Cellular Physiology 2007, 211(3): 590-597. Zhao L, Wang HJ, Sun LG, Ma HX, Liu GW and Zhao Y.*. Changes of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in aged Balb/c mice. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 2007, 81(6):1386-1394. Zhang L, Sun L, Zhao Y.*. Thymic epithelial progenitor cells and thymus regeneration: an update. Cell Research 2007, 17: 50-55. Zeng C, Y Zhen, S Shu, T Wu, H Yi, Z Lian, and Zhao Y.*. The influence of cyclosporin A on lymphocyte attenuator expression. Journal of Autoimmunity 2007, 28(4): 234-44. Qu Y; Zhang B; Zhao L; Liu G; Ma H; E Rao; C Zeng; and Zhao Y.*. The effect of immunosuppressive drug rapamycin on regulatory CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells in mice. Transplant Immunology 2007, 17: 153-161. Zhao Y.*, Sun Y, Niu ZQ, Li QH, Peng JX, Wang JJ, and Langnas A. A novel approach to generate host anti-tumor T cells: Adoptive immunotherapy by T cells maturing in xenogeneic thymus. Journal of Immunotherapy 2007, 30(1): 83-88. Liu GW, Ma HX, Zhao Y. Wu Y, and Zhao Y.*. The nonopsonic allogeneic cell phagocytosis of macrophages detected by flow cytometry and two photon fluorescence microscope. Transplant Immunology 2006, 16: 220-226. Liu GW, Xia XP, Gong SL and Zhao Y.*. The macrophage heterogeneity: difference between mouse peritoneal exudates and splenic F4/80+ macrophages. Journal of Cellular Physiology 2006, 209: 341-352. Zhao Y.* and Liu GW. Specific immune tolerance of antigen-presenting cells: Hypothesis and significance. Medical Hypotheses 2007, 68: 404-406.  Zhang BJ, Ge B, Xia X, Liu J, Sun LG, Rao EY, and Zhao Y.* . Compatibility between Porcine and Human IL-2: Implication for xenotransplantation.  Xenotransplantation 2006, 13: 423-432. Wang HJ, Zhao L, Sun ZY, Sun LG, and Zhao Y.*. A potential side effects of Cyclosporin A: its inhibition on CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in mice. Transplantation 2006, 82(11):1484-1492. Zhao, Y.*. The two simultaneously occurring processes in one immune response: The positive immune reaction and immune tolerance. Medical Hypotheses 2006, 67(6): 1384-1385. Sun ZY, Wang HJ, Sun LG, Zhao L, Yi HF, Li QH, Peng JX, and Zhao Y.*. Presence of functional mouse regulatory CD4+CD25+T cells in xenogeneic neonatal porcine thymus-grafted athymic mice. American Journal of  Transplantation 2006, 6(12): 2841-2850. Sun YM, Yang Z, Niu Z, Li Q, Peng J, Langnas AN., Ma M. Y., and Zhao Y.*. MOP3, a component of the molecular clock, regulates the development of B cells. Immunology 2006, 119(4): 451-460. Sun YM, Yang Z, Niu Z, Li Q, Peng J, Wang W, Ma M. Y. and Zhao Y.*. The mortality of MOP3 deficient mice with a systemic functional failure. Journal of Biomedical Science 2006, 13: 845-851. Liu GW, Wu GL, Wu Y, and Zhao Y.*. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and immune regulation. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology 2006, 64(1): 1-9. Zhang LJ, Yi HF, Xia XP, and Zhao Y.*. Transforming growth factor-b: an important role in CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and immune tolerance. Autoimmunity 2006, 39(4): 269-276. Liu GW, Wu Y, Gong SL, and Zhao Y.*. Toll-like receptors and graft rejection. Transplant Immunology 2006, 16: 25-31. Yi H., Zhen Y., Jiang L., Zheng J., and Zhao Y.*. The phenotypic characterization of naturally occurring regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells. Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2006, 3(3): 189-195. Sun YM, Ge BS, Kasai M, Diffendaffer C, Parks N, Li H, Peng JX, Langnas A, and Zhao Y.*. Induction of regulatory T cells from mature T cells by allogeneic thymic epithelial cells in vitro. Transplant International 2006, 19(5): 404-414. Wu TH, Yang RL, Xie LP, Wang HZ, Chen Li, Zhang SY, Zhao Y. and Zhang RQ. Inhibition of cell growth and induction of G1-phase cell cycle arrest in hepatoma cells by steroid extract from Meretix. Cancer Letters 2006, 232(2): 199-205. Zeng C, Wu T, Zhen Y, Xia XP, Zhao Y.*. BTLA, a new inhibitory B7 family receptor with a TNFR family ligand. Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2005, 2(6):427-432. Zhang JL, Cai J, Walls S, Jackson JD, Kuszynski CA, Zhao Y., Pawliuk R, Leboulch P, Fox IJ. Tolerance by selective in vivo expansion of foreign major histocompatibility complex-transduced autologous bone marrow. Transplantation 2005, 80(3):362-369. Huang Y, Erdman N, Peng H, Zhao Y. and Zheng JL. The Role of TNF Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2005, 2(2): 113-122. Sun ZY, Fu JY, Sun LG, Liu SC, Zhao Y. and Gong SL. Inhibitory Effect on Tumor Growth of Tumor-Associated Antigen Peptides from Murine Hepatocarcinoma H-22. U.S. Chinese Journal of Lymphology and Oncology 2005, 4(1): 11-15. Sun Y. M., Li H., Langnas A. N. and Zhao Y.. Altered allogeneic immune responses in middle-aged mice. Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2004, 1(6): 440-446. Xiong W.F., Zhao Y., Prall A.K., Greiner T.C., and Baxter, B.T. Key roles of CD4+ and Interferon-γ in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms in a murine model. Journal of Immunology 2004, 172: 2607-2612. Zhao Y.*, Sun Y, Sun Y.M., and Langnas A.N. Achievement of cellular immunity and discordant xenogeneic tolerance in mice by porcine thymus grafts (review). Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2004, 1(3): 173-179. Sun Y.M., Langnas A.N., and Zhao Y.*. The interaction defect of accessory molecules is responsible for the poor ex vivo xenogeneic response to human antigens of mouse T helper cells.  Scandinavian Journal of Immunology 2003, 58: 59-66. Sykes M., Garrigue V., Johson R.P., Nikolic B., Rodriguez-Barbosa J.I., Rosenzweig M., Sachs D.H., Wu A., Yamada K., and Zhao Y.*. Xenogeneic thymic replacement to achieve immune restoration in HIV infection. Clinical and Applied Immunology Reviews 2003, 3: 167-171. Zhao Y., Rodriguez-Barbosa J.I., Shimizu A., Swenson K., Sachs D.H., and Sykes M.  Despite efficient intrathymic negative selection of host-reactive T cells, autoimmune disease may develop in porcine thymus-grafted athymic mice: Evidence for failure of regulatory mechanisms suppressing autoimmunity. Transplantation 2003, 75: 1832-1840. Zhao Y., Ohdan H., Manilay J.O., and Sykes M. NK cell tolerance in mixed allogeneic chimeras. Journal of Immunology 2003, 170: 5398-5405. Yang T.Y., YM Sun, Langnas A.N., and Zhao Y.*. Prolongation of allogeneic skin graft survival by injection of anti-Ly49A mAb, YE1/48. Clinical Immunology 2003, 106: 148-154. Zhao Y.*, Xiong W.F., Yang T.Y., Prall A., Baxter B.T., and Langnas A.N. Xenogeneic rat skin graft rejection in M-CSF/macrophage deficient mice. Xenotransplantation 2003, 10: 232-239. Beschorner W. E., Shearon C. C., Yang T., Langnas A. N., Thompson S. C., Zhao Y., Franco K. L., Radio S. J., and Sudan D. L. Pre-transplant analysis of accommodation in donor pigs. Xenotransplantation 2003, 10(1): 66-71. Rodriguez-Barbosa J.I., Zhao Y., Houser S., Zhao G., Sachs D.H., and Sykes M. Fetal porcine thymus engraftment, survival and CD4 reconstitution in aGal KO mice is impaired in the presence of high levels of antibodies against aGal. Xenotransplantation 2003, 10(1): 24-40. Rodriguez-Barbosa J.I., Zhao Y., Ezquerra A., Zhao G., Sachs D.H., and Sykes M. Murine CD4 T cells selected in a highly disparate xenogeneic porcine thymus graft do not show rapid decay in the absence of selecting MHC in the periphery. Journal of Immunology 2002, 169: 6697-6710. Longo G.M., Xiong W., Greiner T.C., Zhao Y., Fiotti N., and Baxter B.T. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 work in concert to produce aortic aneurysms. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2002, 110(5): 625-632. Zhao Y., Rodriguez-Barbosa J.I., Arn J.S., and Sykes M.  Highly disparate xenogeneic skin graft tolerance induction by fetal pig thymus in thymectomized mice: Conditioning requirements and the role of coimplantation of fetal pig liver. Transplantation 2001, 72: 1608-1615. Rodriguez-Barbosa J.I., Zhao Y., Barth R., Zhao G., Arn J.S., Sach D.H., and Sykes M.  Enhanced CD4 reconstitution by grafting neonatal porcine tissue in alternative locations is associated with donor-specific tolerance and suppression of pre-existing xenoreactive T cells.  Transplantation 2001, 72 1223. Zhao Y., Rodriguez-Barbosa J.I., Zhao G.L., Shaffer J., Arn J.S., and Sykes M.  Maturation and function of mouse T cells with a transgenic TCR positively selected by highly disparate xenogeneic porcine MHC.  Cellular and Molecular Biology 2001, 47: 217-228. Zhao Y., Rodriguez-Barbosa J.I., Swenson K., Barth R.N., Shimizu A., Arn J.S., Sachs D.H., and Sykes M.  The induction of specific pig skin graft tolerance by grafting with neonatal pig thymus in thymectomized mice. Transplantation 2000, 69: 1447. Zhao Y., Swenson K., Wekerle T., Rodriguez-Barbosa J.I., Arn J.S., and Sykes M.  The Critical role of mouse CD4+ cells in the rejection of highly disparate xenogeneic pig thymus grafts.  Xenotransplantation 2000, 7: 129-137. Asada A., Zhao Y., Komano H., Kumata T., Fujita K., Tozawa Y., Iseki R., Tian H., Sato K., Motegi Y., Suzuki R., Yokoyama M., and Iwata M. The calcium-independent protein kinase C participates in an early process of CD3/CD28-mediated induction of thymocyte apoptosis. Cell Death and Differentiation. Immunology 2000, 101: 309-315. Chae S.J., Kramer A.D., Zhao Y., Arn S., Cooper D.K.C., and Sachs D.H.   Lack of variation in agal expression on lymphocytes in miniature swine of different genotypes. Xenotransplantation 1999, 6: 43-51. Zhao Y., Swenson K., Sergio J.J., and Sykes M.  Pig MHC mediates positive selection of mouse CD4+ T cells with a mouse MHC-restricted TCR in pig thymus grafts. Journal of Immunology 1998, 161: 1320-1326. Asada A., Zhao Y., Kondo S., and Iwata M.  Induction of thymocyte apoptosis by Ca2+-independent Protein Kinase C (nPKC) activation and its regulation by calcineurin activation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1998, 273: 28382-28398. Wekerle T., Sayegh M.H., Hill J., Zhao Y., Chandraker A., Swenson K.G., Zhao G., and Sykes M.  Extrathymic T cell deletion and allogeneic stem cell engraftment induced with costimulatory blockade is followed by central T cell tolerance. Journal of Experimental Medicine 1998, 187: 2037-2044. Zhao Y., Fishman J.A., Sergio J.J., Oliveros J.L., Pearson D.A., Szot G.L., Wilkinson R.A., Arn J.S., Sachs D.H., and Sykes M.  Immune restoration by fetal pig thymus grafts in T cell-depleted, thymectomized mice. Journal of Immunology 1997, 158: 1641-1649. Khan A., Sergio J.J., Zhao Y., Pearson D.A., Sachs D.H., and Sykes M.  Discordant xenogeneic neonatal thymic transplantation can induce donor-specific tolerance. Transplantation 1997, 63: 124. Zhao Y, Sergio J.J., Swenson K., Arn J.S., Sachs D.H., and Sykes M.  Positive and negative selection of functional mouse CD4 cells by porcine MHC in pig thymus grafts. Journal of Immunology 1997, 159: 2100-2107. Zhao Y. and Sykes M.  Resistance to mAb-induced CD8+ T cell depletion in thymectomized MHC class II deficient mice. Transplantation 1997, 64: 489. Zhao Y., Swenson K., Sergio J.J., Arn J.S., Sachs D.H., and Sykes M.  Skin graft tolerance across a discordant xenogeneic barrier. Nature Medicine 1996, 2(11): 1211-1216. Zhao Y. and Iwata M.  Crosslinking of the T cell receptor/CD3 complex and CD4, CD8, or LFA-1 induces an anti-apoptotic signal in thymocytes: the signal is canceled by FK506. International Immunology 1995, 7(9): 1387-1396. Zhao Y., Tozawa Y., Iseki R., Mukai M., and Iwata M.  Calcineurin activation protects T cells from glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Journal of Immunology 1995, 154: 6346-6356.